calendar/packages/features/busyTimes/services/getBusyTimes.ts

import dayjs from "@calcom/dayjs";
import type { BookingRepository } from "@calcom/features/bookings/repositories/BookingRepository";
import { getBusyCalendarTimes } from "@calcom/features/calendars/lib/CalendarManager";
import { getDefinedBufferTimes } from "@calcom/features/eventtypes/lib/getDefinedBufferTimes";
import { subtract } from "@calcom/features/schedules/lib/date-ranges";
import { stringToDayjs } from "@calcom/lib/dayjs";
import { intervalLimitKeyToUnit } from "@calcom/lib/intervalLimits/intervalLimit";
import type { IntervalLimit } from "@calcom/lib/intervalLimits/intervalLimitSchema";
import logger from "@calcom/lib/logger";
import { getPiiFreeBooking } from "@calcom/lib/piiFreeData";
import { withReporting } from "@calcom/lib/sentryWrapper";
import { performance } from "@calcom/lib/server/perfObserver";
import prisma from "@calcom/prisma";
import type { Booking, EventType, Prisma, SelectedCalendar } from "@calcom/prisma/client";
import { BookingStatus } from "@calcom/prisma/enums";
import type { CalendarFetchMode, EventBusyDetails } from "@calcom/types/Calendar";
import type { CredentialForCalendarService } from "@calcom/types/Credential";

const BATCH_SIZE_FOR_LIMIT_CHECKS = 50;
const MAX_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_CHECK_BATCHES = 5;

export interface IBusyTimesService {
  bookingRepo: BookingRepository;
}

export class BusyTimesService {
  constructor(public readonly dependencies: IBusyTimesService) {}

  async _getBusyTimes(params: {
    credentials: CredentialForCalendarService[];
    userId: number;
    userEmail: string;
    username: string;
    eventTypeId?: number;
    startTime: string;
    beforeEventBuffer?: number;
    afterEventBuffer?: number;
    endTime: string;
    selectedCalendars: SelectedCalendar[];
    seatedEvent?: boolean;
    rescheduleUid?: string | null;
    duration?: number | null;
    currentBookings?:
      | (Pick<Booking, "id" | "uid" | "userId" | "startTime" | "endTime" | "title"> & {
          eventType: Pick<
            EventType,
            "id" | "beforeEventBuffer" | "afterEventBuffer" | "seatsPerTimeSlot"
          > | null;
          _count?: {
            seatsReferences: number;
          };
        })[]
      | null;
    bypassBusyCalendarTimes: boolean;
    silentlyHandleCalendarFailures?: boolean;
    mode?: CalendarFetchMode;
  }) {
    const {
      credentials,
      userId,
      userEmail,
      username,
      eventTypeId,
      startTime,
      endTime,
      beforeEventBuffer,
      afterEventBuffer,
      selectedCalendars,
      seatedEvent,
      rescheduleUid,
      duration,
      bypassBusyCalendarTimes = false,
      silentlyHandleCalendarFailures = false,
      mode,
    } = params;

    logger.silly(
      `Checking Busy time from Cal Bookings in range ${startTime} to ${endTime} for input ${JSON.stringify({
        userId,
        eventTypeId,
        status: BookingStatus.ACCEPTED,
      })}`
    );

    /**
     * A user is considered busy within a given time period if there
     * is a booking they own OR attend.
     *
     * Performs a query for all bookings where:
     *   - The given booking is owned by this user, or..
     *   - The current user has a different booking at this time he/she attends
     *
     * See further discussion within this GH issue:
     * https://github.com/calcom/cal.com/issues/6374
     *
     * NOTE: Changes here will likely require changes to some mocking
     *  logic within getSchedule.test.ts:addBookings
     */
    performance.mark("prismaBookingGetStart");

    const startTimeDate =
      rescheduleUid && duration
        ? dayjs(startTime).subtract(duration, "minute").toDate()
        : new Date(startTime);
    const endTimeDate =
      rescheduleUid && duration ? dayjs(endTime).add(duration, "minute").toDate() : new Date(endTime);

    // to also get bookings that are outside of start and end time, but the buffer falls within the start and end time
    const definedBufferTimes = getDefinedBufferTimes();
    const maxBuffer = definedBufferTimes[definedBufferTimes.length - 1];
    const startTimeAdjustedWithMaxBuffer = dayjs(startTimeDate).subtract(maxBuffer, "minute").toDate();
    const endTimeAdjustedWithMaxBuffer = dayjs(endTimeDate).add(maxBuffer, "minute").toDate();

    // INFO: Refactored to allow this method to take in a list of current bookings for the user.
    // Will keep support for retrieving a user's bookings if the caller does not already supply them.
    // This function is called from multiple places but we aren't refactoring all of them at this moment
    // to avoid potential side effects.
    let bookings = params.currentBookings;

    if (!bookings) {
      const bookingRepo = this.dependencies.bookingRepo;
      bookings = await bookingRepo.findAllExistingBookingsForEventTypeBetween({
        userIdAndEmailMap: new Map([[userId, userEmail]]),
        eventTypeId,
        startDate: startTimeAdjustedWithMaxBuffer,
        endDate: endTimeAdjustedWithMaxBuffer,
        seatedEvent,
      });
    }

    const bookingSeatCountMap: { [x: string]: number } = {};
    const busyTimes = bookings.reduce((aggregate: EventBusyDetails[], booking) => {
      const { id, startTime, endTime, eventType, title, ...rest } = booking;

      const minutesToBlockBeforeEvent = (eventType?.beforeEventBuffer || 0) + (afterEventBuffer || 0);
      const minutesToBlockAfterEvent = (eventType?.afterEventBuffer || 0) + (beforeEventBuffer || 0);

      if (rest._count?.seatsReferences) {
        const bookedAt = `${dayjs(startTime).utc().format()}<>${dayjs(endTime).utc().format()}`;
        bookingSeatCountMap[bookedAt] = bookingSeatCountMap[bookedAt] || 0;
        bookingSeatCountMap[bookedAt]++;
        // Seat references on the current event are non-blocking until the event is fully booked.
        if (
          // there are still seats available.
          bookingSeatCountMap[bookedAt] < (eventType?.seatsPerTimeSlot || 1) &&
          // and this is the seated event, other event types should be blocked.
          eventTypeId === eventType?.id
        ) {
          // then we ONLY add the before/after buffer times as busy times.
          if (minutesToBlockBeforeEvent) {
            aggregate.push({
              start: dayjs(startTime).subtract(minutesToBlockBeforeEvent, "minute").toDate(),
              end: dayjs(startTime).toDate(),
              title: "busy_time.buffer_time",
              source: "Buffer Time for seated event (before)",
            });
          }
          if (minutesToBlockAfterEvent) {
            aggregate.push({
              start: dayjs(endTime).toDate(),
              end: dayjs(endTime).add(minutesToBlockAfterEvent, "minute").toDate(),
              title: "busy_time.buffer_time",
              source: "Buffer Time for seated event (after)",
            });
          }
          return aggregate;
        }
        // if it does get blocked at this point; we remove the bookingSeatCountMap entry
        // doing this allows using the map later to remove the ranges from calendar busy times.
        delete bookingSeatCountMap[bookedAt];
      }
      // rescheduling the same booking to the same time should be possible. Why?
      if (rest.uid === rescheduleUid) {
        return aggregate;
      }
      aggregate.push({
        start: dayjs(startTime).subtract(minutesToBlockBeforeEvent, "minute").toDate(),
        end: dayjs(endTime).add(minutesToBlockAfterEvent, "minute").toDate(),
        title,
        source: `eventType-${eventType?.id}-booking-${id}`,
      });
      return aggregate;
    }, []);

    logger.debug(
      `Busy Time from Cal Bookings ${JSON.stringify({
        busyTimes,
        bookings: bookings?.map((booking) => getPiiFreeBooking(booking)),
        numCredentials: credentials?.length,
      })}`
    );
    performance.mark("prismaBookingGetEnd");
    performance.measure(`prisma booking get took $1'`, "prismaBookingGetStart", "prismaBookingGetEnd");
    if (credentials?.length > 0 && !bypassBusyCalendarTimes) {
      const startConnectedCalendarsGet = performance.now();

      const calendarBusyTimesQuery = await getBusyCalendarTimes(
        credentials,
        startTime,
        endTime,
        selectedCalendars,
        mode
      );

      if (!calendarBusyTimesQuery.success) {
        if (silentlyHandleCalendarFailures) {
          logger.warn(
            `Calendar busy times fetch failed but handling silently due to silentlyHandleCalendarFailures flag for user ${username}`,
            {
              selectedCalendarIds: selectedCalendars.map((calendar) => calendar.id),
            }
          );
        } else {
          throw new Error(
            `Failed to fetch busy calendar times for selected calendars ${selectedCalendars.map(
              (calendar) => calendar.id
            )}`
          );
        }
      } else {
        const calendarBusyTimes = calendarBusyTimesQuery.data;
        const endConnectedCalendarsGet = performance.now();
        logger.debug(
          `Connected Calendars get took ${
            endConnectedCalendarsGet - startConnectedCalendarsGet
          } ms for user ${username}`,
          JSON.stringify({
            eventTypeId,
            startTimeDate,
            endTimeDate,
            calendarBusyTimes,
          })
        );

        const openSeatsDateRanges = Object.keys(bookingSeatCountMap).map((key) => {
          const [start, end] = key.split("<>");
          return {
            start: dayjs(start),
            end: dayjs(end),
          };
        });

        if (rescheduleUid) {
          const originalRescheduleBooking = bookings.find((booking) => booking.uid === rescheduleUid);
          if (originalRescheduleBooking) {
            openSeatsDateRanges.push({
              start: dayjs(originalRescheduleBooking.startTime),
              end: dayjs(originalRescheduleBooking.endTime),
            });
          }
        }

        const result = subtract(
          calendarBusyTimes.map((value) => ({
            ...value,
            end: dayjs(value.end),
            start: dayjs(value.start),
            source: value.source ?? "busy_time.calendar",
          })),
          openSeatsDateRanges
        );

        busyTimes.push(
          ...result.map((busyTime) => ({
            ...busyTime,
            start: busyTime.start.subtract(afterEventBuffer || 0, "minute").toDate(),
            end: busyTime.end.add(beforeEventBuffer || 0, "minute").toDate(),
          }))
        );
      }

      /*
    // TODO: Disabled until we can filter Zoom events by date. Also this is adding too much latency.
    const videoBusyTimes = (await getBusyVideoTimes(credentials)).filter(notEmpty);
    console.log("videoBusyTimes", videoBusyTimes);
    busyTimes.push(...videoBusyTimes);
    */
    } else {
      logger.warn(`No credentials found for user ${userId}`, {
        selectedCalendarIds: selectedCalendars.map((calendar) => calendar.id),
      });
    }
    logger.debug(
      "getBusyTimes:",
      JSON.stringify({
        allBusyTimes: busyTimes,
      })
    );
    return busyTimes;
  }

  getBusyTimes = withReporting(this._getBusyTimes.bind(this), "getBusyTimes");

  getStartEndDateforLimitCheck(
    startDate: string,
    endDate: string,
    bookingLimits?: IntervalLimit | null,
    durationLimits?: IntervalLimit | null
  ) {
    const startTimeAsDayJs = stringToDayjs(startDate);
    const endTimeAsDayJs = stringToDayjs(endDate);

    let limitDateFrom = stringToDayjs(startDate);
    let limitDateTo = stringToDayjs(endDate);

    // expand date ranges by absolute minimum required to apply limits
    // (yearly limits are handled separately for performance)
    for (const key of ["PER_MONTH", "PER_WEEK", "PER_DAY"] as Exclude<keyof IntervalLimit, "PER_YEAR">[]) {
      if (bookingLimits?.[key] || durationLimits?.[key]) {
        const unit = intervalLimitKeyToUnit(key);
        limitDateFrom = dayjs.min(limitDateFrom, startTimeAsDayJs.startOf(unit));
        limitDateTo = dayjs.max(limitDateTo, endTimeAsDayJs.endOf(unit));
      }
    }

    return { limitDateFrom, limitDateTo };
  }

  async getBusyTimesForLimitChecks(params: {
    userIds: number[];
    eventTypeId: number;
    startDate: string;
    endDate: string;
    rescheduleUid?: string | null;
    bookingLimits?: IntervalLimit | null;
    durationLimits?: IntervalLimit | null;
  }) {
    const { userIds, eventTypeId, startDate, endDate, rescheduleUid, bookingLimits, durationLimits } = params;

    performance.mark("getBusyTimesForLimitChecksStart");

    const busyTimes: EventBusyDetails[] = [];

    if (!bookingLimits && !durationLimits) {
      return busyTimes;
    }

    const { limitDateFrom, limitDateTo } = this.getStartEndDateforLimitCheck(
      startDate,
      endDate,
      bookingLimits,
      durationLimits
    );

    logger.silly(
      `Fetch limit checks bookings in range ${limitDateFrom} to ${limitDateTo} for input ${JSON.stringify({
        eventTypeId,
        status: BookingStatus.ACCEPTED,
      })}`
    );

    const startTimeDate = limitDateFrom.toDate();
    const endTimeDate = limitDateTo.toDate();

    const bookings = await this.fetchBookingsForLimitChecksBatched({
      userIds,
      eventTypeId,
      startTimeDate,
      endTimeDate,
      rescheduleUid,
    });

    for (const booking of bookings) {
      busyTimes.push({
        start: new Date(booking.startTime),
        end: new Date(booking.endTime),
        title: booking.title,
        source: `eventType-${booking.eventTypeId}-booking-${booking.id}`,
        userId: booking.userId,
      });
    }

    logger.silly(`Fetch limit checks bookings for eventId: ${eventTypeId} ${JSON.stringify(busyTimes)}`);
    performance.mark("getBusyTimesForLimitChecksEnd");
    performance.measure(
      `prisma booking get for limits took $1'`,
      "getBusyTimesForLimitChecksStart",
      "getBusyTimesForLimitChecksEnd"
    );
    return busyTimes;
  }

  /**
   * Fetches bookings for limit checks using batched parallel queries.
   * This optimization improves performance for teams/orgs with many members by:
   * 1. Splitting large userIds arrays into smaller batches
   * 2. Running a capped number of batch queries in parallel
   */
  private async fetchBookingsForLimitChecksBatched(params: {
    userIds: number[];
    eventTypeId: number;
    startTimeDate: Date;
    endTimeDate: Date;
    rescheduleUid?: string | null;
  }): Promise<
    Array<{
      id: number;
      startTime: Date;
      endTime: Date;
      eventTypeId: number | null;
      title: string;
      userId: number | null;
    }>
  > {
    const { userIds, eventTypeId, startTimeDate, endTimeDate, rescheduleUid } = params;

    if (userIds.length === 0) {
      return [];
    }

    const batches: number[][] = [];
    for (let i = 0; i < userIds.length; i += BATCH_SIZE_FOR_LIMIT_CHECKS) {
      batches.push(userIds.slice(i, i + BATCH_SIZE_FOR_LIMIT_CHECKS));
    }

    const results: Array<{
      id: number;
      startTime: Date;
      endTime: Date;
      eventTypeId: number | null;
      title: string;
      userId: number | null;
    }> = [];

    for (let i = 0; i < batches.length; i += MAX_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_CHECK_BATCHES) {
      const currentBatch = batches.slice(i, i + MAX_CONCURRENT_LIMIT_CHECK_BATCHES);
      const batchResults = await Promise.all(
        currentBatch.map((batchUserIds) =>
          this.fetchBookingsForLimitChecksBatch({
            userIds: batchUserIds,
            eventTypeId,
            startTimeDate,
            endTimeDate,
            rescheduleUid,
          })
        )
      );
      results.push(...batchResults.flat());
    }

    return results;
  }

  /**
   * Fetches bookings for a single batch of userIds using Prisma's findMany.
   * Uses batching to improve query planner efficiency for large userIds arrays.
   */
  private async fetchBookingsForLimitChecksBatch(params: {
    userIds: number[];
    eventTypeId: number;
    startTimeDate: Date;
    endTimeDate: Date;
    rescheduleUid?: string | null;
  }): Promise<
    Array<{
      id: number;
      startTime: Date;
      endTime: Date;
      eventTypeId: number | null;
      title: string;
      userId: number | null;
    }>
  > {
    const { userIds, eventTypeId, startTimeDate, endTimeDate, rescheduleUid } = params;

    const where: Prisma.BookingWhereInput = {
      userId: {
        in: userIds,
      },
      eventTypeId,
      status: BookingStatus.ACCEPTED,
      // FIXME: bookings that overlap on one side will never be counted
      startTime: {
        gte: startTimeDate,
      },
      endTime: {
        lte: endTimeDate,
      },
    };

    if (rescheduleUid) {
      where.NOT = {
        uid: rescheduleUid,
      };
    }

    const bookings = await prisma.booking.findMany({
      where,
      select: {
        id: true,
        startTime: true,
        endTime: true,
        eventTypeId: true,
        title: true,
        userId: true,
      },
    });

    return bookings;
  }
}