calendar/packages/lib/server/service/InsightsRoutingBaseService.ts

import { z } from "zod";

import dayjs from "@calcom/dayjs";
import { makeSqlCondition } from "@calcom/features/data-table/lib/server";
import type { FilterValue, TextFilterValue, TypedColumnFilter } from "@calcom/features/data-table/lib/types";
import type { ColumnFilterType } from "@calcom/features/data-table/lib/types";
import {
  isMultiSelectFilterValue,
  isTextFilterValue,
  isNumberFilterValue,
  isSingleSelectFilterValue,
} from "@calcom/features/data-table/lib/utils";
import type { DateRange } from "@calcom/features/insights/server/insightsDateUtils";
import { PermissionCheckService } from "@calcom/features/pbac/services/permission-check.service";
import type { PrismaClient } from "@calcom/prisma";
import { Prisma } from "@calcom/prisma/client";
import type { BookingStatus } from "@calcom/prisma/enums";
import { MembershipRole } from "@calcom/prisma/enums";

import { TeamRepository } from "../repository/team";

export const insightsRoutingServiceOptionsSchema = z.discriminatedUnion("scope", [
  z.object({
    scope: z.literal("user"),
    userId: z.number(),
    orgId: z.number().nullish().optional(),
  }),
  z.object({
    scope: z.literal("org"),
    userId: z.number(),
    orgId: z.number(),
  }),
  z.object({
    scope: z.literal("team"),
    userId: z.number(),
    orgId: z.number().nullish().optional(),
    teamId: z.number(),
  }),
]);

export type InsightsRoutingServicePublicOptions = {
  scope: "user" | "org" | "team";
  userId: number;
  orgId: number | null | undefined;
  teamId?: number;
};

export type InsightsRoutingServiceOptions = z.infer<typeof insightsRoutingServiceOptionsSchema>;

export type InsightsRoutingServiceFilterOptions = {
  startDate: string;
  endDate: string;
  columnFilters?: TypedColumnFilter<ColumnFilterType>[];
};

export type InsightsRoutingTableItem = {
  id: number;
  uuid: string | null;
  formId: string;
  formName: string;
  formTeamId: number | null;
  formUserId: number;
  bookingUid: string | null;
  bookingId: number | null;
  bookingStatus: BookingStatus | null;
  bookingStatusOrder: number | null;
  bookingCreatedAt: Date | null;
  bookingUserId: number | null;
  bookingUserName: string | null;
  bookingUserEmail: string | null;
  bookingUserAvatarUrl: string | null;
  bookingAssignmentReason: string | null;
  bookingStartTime: Date | null;
  bookingEndTime: Date | null;
  eventTypeId: number | null;
  eventTypeParentId: number | null;
  eventTypeSchedulingType: string | null;
  createdAt: Date;
  utm_source: string | null;
  utm_medium: string | null;
  utm_campaign: string | null;
  utm_term: string | null;
  utm_content: string | null;
  bookingAttendees: Array<{
    name: string;
    timeZone: string;
    email: string;
    phoneNumber: string | null;
  }>;
  fields: Array<{
    fieldId: string | null;
    valueString: string | null;
    valueNumber: number | null;
    valueStringArray: string[] | null;
  }>;
};

const NOTHING_CONDITION = Prisma.sql`1=0`;

// Define allowed column names for sorting to prevent SQL injection
const ALLOWED_SORT_COLUMNS = new Set([
  "id",
  "uuid",
  "formId",
  "formName",
  "formTeamId",
  "formUserId",
  "bookingUid",
  "bookingId",
  "bookingStatus",
  "bookingStatusOrder",
  "bookingCreatedAt",
  "bookingUserId",
  "bookingUserName",
  "bookingUserEmail",
  "bookingUserAvatarUrl",
  "bookingAssignmentReason",
  "bookingStartTime",
  "bookingEndTime",
  "eventTypeId",
  "eventTypeParentId",
  "eventTypeSchedulingType",
  "createdAt",
  "utm_source",
  "utm_medium",
  "utm_campaign",
  "utm_term",
  "utm_content",
]);

type GetConditionsOptions = {
  exclude?: {
    createdAt?: boolean;
    columnFilterIds?: string[];
  };
};

export class InsightsRoutingBaseService {
  private prisma: PrismaClient;
  private options: InsightsRoutingServiceOptions | null;
  private filters: InsightsRoutingServiceFilterOptions;

  constructor({
    prisma,
    options,
    filters,
  }: {
    prisma: PrismaClient;
    options: InsightsRoutingServicePublicOptions;
    filters: InsightsRoutingServiceFilterOptions;
  }) {
    this.prisma = prisma;

    const validation = insightsRoutingServiceOptionsSchema.safeParse(options);
    this.options = validation.success ? validation.data : null;

    this.filters = filters;
  }

  /**
   * Returns routing funnel data split by the given date ranges.
   * @param dateRanges Array of { startDate, endDate, formattedDate }
   */
  async getRoutingFunnelData(dateRanges: DateRange[]) {
    if (!dateRanges.length) return [];

    // Validate date formats
    for (const range of dateRanges) {
      if (isNaN(Date.parse(range.startDate)) || isNaN(Date.parse(range.endDate))) {
        throw new Error(`Invalid date format in range: ${range.startDate} - ${range.endDate}`);
      }
    }

    const baseConditions = await this.getBaseConditions();

    // Build the CASE statements for each date range with proper date casting
    const caseStatements = dateRanges
      .map(
        (dateRange) => Prisma.sql`
      WHEN "createdAt" >= ${dateRange.startDate}::timestamp AND "createdAt" <= ${dateRange.endDate}::timestamp THEN ${dateRange.formattedDate}
    `
      )
      .reduce((acc, curr) => Prisma.sql`${acc} ${curr}`);

    // Single query to get all data grouped by date ranges using CTE
    const query = Prisma.sql`
      WITH date_ranged_data AS (
        SELECT
          CASE ${caseStatements}
          ELSE NULL
          END as "dateRange",
          "bookingUid",
          "bookingStatus"
        FROM "RoutingFormResponseDenormalized" rfrd
        WHERE ${baseConditions}
      )
      SELECT
        "dateRange",
        COUNT(*) as "totalSubmissions",
        COUNT(CASE WHEN "bookingUid" IS NOT NULL THEN 1 END) as "successfulRoutings",
        COUNT(CASE WHEN "bookingStatus" NOT IN ('cancelled', 'rejected') THEN 1 END) as "acceptedBookings"
      FROM date_ranged_data
      WHERE "dateRange" IS NOT NULL
      GROUP BY "dateRange"
      ORDER BY "dateRange"
    `;

    const results = await this.prisma.$queryRaw<
      Array<{
        dateRange: string | null;
        totalSubmissions: bigint;
        successfulRoutings: bigint;
        acceptedBookings: bigint;
      }>
    >(query);

    // Create a map of results by dateRange for easy lookup
    const resultsMap = new Map(
      results
        .filter((row): row is typeof row & { dateRange: string } => row.dateRange !== null)
        .map((row) => [
          row.dateRange,
          {
            name: row.dateRange,
            totalSubmissions: Number(row.totalSubmissions),
            successfulRoutings: Number(row.successfulRoutings),
            acceptedBookings: Number(row.acceptedBookings),
          },
        ])
    );

    // Return all date ranges, filling with 0 values for missing data
    return dateRanges.map((dateRange) => {
      const existingData = resultsMap.get(dateRange.formattedDate);
      const data = existingData || {
        name: dateRange.formattedDate,
        totalSubmissions: 0,
        successfulRoutings: 0,
        acceptedBookings: 0,
      };

      return {
        ...data,
        formattedDateFull: dateRange.formattedDateFull,
      };
    });
  }

  /**
   * Returns paginated table data for routing form responses.
   * @param sorting Array of sorting objects with id and desc properties
   * @param limit Number of records to return
   * @param offset Number of records to skip
   */
  async getTableData({
    sorting,
    limit,
    offset,
  }: {
    sorting?: Array<{ id: string; desc: boolean }>;
    limit: number;
    offset: number;
  }) {
    const baseConditions = await this.getBaseConditions();

    // Build ORDER BY clause
    const orderByClause = this.buildOrderByClause(sorting);

    // Get total count
    const totalCountQuery = Prisma.sql`
      SELECT COUNT(*) as count
      FROM "RoutingFormResponseDenormalized" rfrd
      WHERE ${baseConditions}
    `;

    const totalCountResult = await this.prisma.$queryRaw<Array<{ count: bigint }>>(totalCountQuery);

    const totalCount = Number(totalCountResult[0]?.count || 0);

    // Get paginated data with JSON aggregation for attendees and fields
    const dataQuery = Prisma.sql`
      SELECT
        rfrd."id",
        rfrd."uuid",
        rfrd."formId",
        rfrd."formName",
        rfrd."formTeamId",
        rfrd."formUserId",
        rfrd."bookingUid",
        rfrd."bookingId",
        UPPER(rfrd."bookingStatus"::text) as "bookingStatus",
        rfrd."bookingStatusOrder",
        rfrd."bookingCreatedAt",
        rfrd."bookingUserId",
        rfrd."bookingUserName",
        rfrd."bookingUserEmail",
        rfrd."bookingUserAvatarUrl",
        rfrd."bookingAssignmentReason",
        rfrd."bookingStartTime",
        rfrd."bookingEndTime",
        rfrd."eventTypeId",
        rfrd."eventTypeParentId",
        rfrd."eventTypeSchedulingType",
        rfrd."createdAt",
        rfrd."utm_source",
        rfrd."utm_medium",
        rfrd."utm_campaign",
        rfrd."utm_term",
        rfrd."utm_content",
        (
          SELECT COALESCE(
            json_agg(
              json_build_object(
                'name', a."name",
                'timeZone', a."timeZone",
                'email', a."email",
                'phoneNumber', a."phoneNumber"
              )
            ) FILTER (WHERE a."id" IS NOT NULL),
            '[]'::json
          )
          FROM "Booking" b2
          LEFT JOIN "Attendee" a ON a."bookingId" = b2."id"
          WHERE b2."uid" = rfrd."bookingUid"
        ) as "bookingAttendees",
        (
          SELECT COALESCE(
            json_agg(
              json_build_object(
                'fieldId', f."fieldId",
                'valueString', f."valueString",
                'valueNumber', f."valueNumber",
                'valueStringArray', f."valueStringArray"
              )
            ) FILTER (WHERE f."fieldId" IS NOT NULL),
            '[]'::json
          )
          FROM "RoutingFormResponseField" f
          WHERE f."responseId" = rfrd."id"
        ) as "fields"
      FROM "RoutingFormResponseDenormalized" rfrd
      WHERE ${baseConditions}
      ${orderByClause}
      LIMIT ${limit}
      OFFSET ${offset}
    `;

    const data = await this.prisma.$queryRaw<Array<InsightsRoutingTableItem>>(dataQuery);

    return {
      total: totalCount,
      data,
    };
  }

  async getRoutingFormStats() {
    const baseConditions = await this.getBaseConditions();

    // Check if bookingUid filter is applied - if so, return null as metrics don't provide value
    const bookingUid = this.filters.columnFilters?.find((filter) => filter.id === "bookingUid");
    if (bookingUid && isTextFilterValue(bookingUid.value) && bookingUid.value.data) {
      // If bookingUid filter is applied, total count should be either 0 or 1.
      // So this metrics doesn't provide any value.
      return null;
    }

    // Get total count
    const totalQuery = Prisma.sql`
      SELECT COUNT(*) as count
      FROM "RoutingFormResponseDenormalized" rfrd
      WHERE ${baseConditions}
    `;

    const totalResult = await this.prisma.$queryRaw<Array<{ count: bigint }>>(totalQuery);

    // Get total without booking count
    const totalWithoutBookingQuery = Prisma.sql`
      SELECT COUNT(*) as count
      FROM "RoutingFormResponseDenormalized" rfrd
      WHERE (${baseConditions}) AND ("bookingUid" IS NULL)
    `;

    const totalWithoutBookingResult = await this.prisma.$queryRaw<Array<{ count: bigint }>>(
      totalWithoutBookingQuery
    );

    const total = Number(totalResult[0]?.count || 0);
    const totalWithoutBooking = Number(totalWithoutBookingResult[0]?.count || 0);

    return {
      total,
      totalWithoutBooking,
      totalWithBooking: total - totalWithoutBooking,
    };
  }

  private buildOrderByClause(sorting?: Array<{ id: string; desc: boolean }>): Prisma.Sql {
    if (!sorting || sorting.length === 0) {
      return Prisma.sql`ORDER BY "createdAt" DESC`;
    }

    const orderByParts = sorting
      .filter((sort) => ALLOWED_SORT_COLUMNS.has(sort.id))
      .map((sort) => {
        const direction = sort.desc ? Prisma.sql`DESC` : Prisma.sql`ASC`;
        return Prisma.sql`"${Prisma.raw(sort.id)}" ${direction}`;
      });

    if (orderByParts.length === 0) {
      return Prisma.sql`ORDER BY "createdAt" DESC`;
    }

    return Prisma.sql`ORDER BY ${orderByParts.reduce((acc, part, index) => {
      if (index === 0) return part;
      return Prisma.sql`${acc}, ${part}`;
    })}`;
  }

  /**
   * Returns routed to per period data with pagination support.
   * @param period The period type (day, week, month)
   * @param limit Optional limit for results
   * @param searchQuery Optional search query for user names/emails
   */
  async getRoutedToPerPeriodData({
    period,
    limit,
    searchQuery,
  }: {
    period: "perDay" | "perWeek" | "perMonth";
    limit?: number;
    searchQuery?: string;
  }) {
    const dayJsPeriodMap = {
      perDay: "day",
      perWeek: "week",
      perMonth: "month",
    } as const;

    const dayjsPeriod = dayJsPeriodMap[period];
    const startDate = dayjs(this.filters.startDate).startOf(dayjsPeriod).toDate();
    const endDate = dayjs(this.filters.endDate).endOf(dayjsPeriod).toDate();

    const baseConditions = await this.getBaseConditions({ exclude: { createdAt: true } });

    // Build search condition
    const searchCondition = searchQuery
      ? Prisma.sql`("bookingUserName" ILIKE ${`%${searchQuery}%`} OR "bookingUserEmail" ILIKE ${`%${searchQuery}%`})`
      : Prisma.sql`1 = 1`;

    // Get users who have been routed to during the period
    const usersQuerySql = Prisma.sql`
      SELECT DISTINCT ON ("bookingUserId")
        "bookingUserId" as id,
        "bookingUserName" as name,
        "bookingUserEmail" as email,
        "bookingUserAvatarUrl" as "avatarUrl"
      FROM "RoutingFormResponseDenormalized" rfrd
      WHERE "bookingUid" IS NOT NULL
        AND "bookingUserId" IS NOT NULL
        AND "createdAt" >= ${startDate}
        AND "createdAt" <= ${endDate}
        AND ${baseConditions}
        AND ${searchCondition}
      ORDER BY "bookingUserId", "createdAt" DESC
      ${limit ? Prisma.sql`LIMIT ${limit}` : Prisma.empty}
    `;

    const usersQuery = await this.prisma.$queryRaw<
      Array<{
        id: number;
        name: string | null;
        email: string | null;
        avatarUrl: string | null;
      }>
    >(usersQuerySql);

    const users = usersQuery;

    // Return early if no users found
    if (users.length === 0) {
      return {
        users: {
          data: [],
          nextCursor: undefined,
        },
        periodStats: {
          data: [],
          nextCursor: undefined,
        },
      };
    }

    // Get periods with pagination
    const periodStatsQuery = Prisma.sql`
      WITH RECURSIVE date_range AS (
        SELECT date_trunc(${dayjsPeriod}, ${startDate}::timestamp) as date
        UNION ALL
        SELECT date + (CASE
          WHEN ${dayjsPeriod} = 'day' THEN interval '1 day'
          WHEN ${dayjsPeriod} = 'week' THEN interval '1 week'
          WHEN ${dayjsPeriod} = 'month' THEN interval '1 month'
        END)
        FROM date_range
        WHERE date + (CASE
          WHEN ${dayjsPeriod} = 'day' THEN interval '1 day'
          WHEN ${dayjsPeriod} = 'week' THEN interval '1 week'
          WHEN ${dayjsPeriod} = 'month' THEN interval '1 month'
        END) <= date_trunc(${dayjsPeriod}, ${endDate}::timestamp)
      ),
      all_users AS (
        SELECT unnest(ARRAY[${Prisma.join(users.map((u) => u.id))}]) as user_id
      ),
       paginated_periods AS (
         SELECT date as period_start
         FROM date_range
         ORDER BY date ASC
         ${limit ? Prisma.sql`LIMIT ${limit}` : Prisma.empty}
       ),      date_user_combinations AS (
        SELECT
          period_start,
          user_id as "userId"
        FROM paginated_periods
        CROSS JOIN all_users
      ),
      booking_counts AS (
        SELECT
          "bookingUserId",
          date_trunc(${dayjsPeriod}, "createdAt") as period_start,
          COUNT(DISTINCT "bookingId")::integer as total
        FROM "RoutingFormResponseDenormalized" rfrd
        WHERE "bookingUserId" IN (SELECT user_id FROM all_users)
        AND "createdAt" >= (SELECT MIN(period_start) FROM paginated_periods)
        AND "createdAt" < (
          (SELECT MAX(period_start) FROM paginated_periods)
          + (CASE
              WHEN ${dayjsPeriod} = 'day' THEN interval '1 day'
              WHEN ${dayjsPeriod} = 'week' THEN interval '1 week'
              WHEN ${dayjsPeriod} = 'month' THEN interval '1 month'
            END)
        )
        AND ${baseConditions}
        GROUP BY 1, 2
      )
      SELECT
        c."userId",
        c.period_start,
        COALESCE(b.total, 0)::integer as total
      FROM date_user_combinations c
      LEFT JOIN booking_counts b ON
        b."bookingUserId" = c."userId" AND
        b.period_start = c.period_start
      ORDER BY c.period_start ASC, c."userId" ASC
    `;

    const periodStats = await this.prisma.$queryRaw<
      Array<{
        userId: number;
        period_start: Date;
        total: number;
      }>
    >(periodStatsQuery);

    // Get statistics for the entire period for comparison
    const statsQuerySql = Prisma.sql`
      SELECT
        "bookingUserId" as "userId",
        COUNT(DISTINCT "bookingId")::integer as total_bookings
      FROM "RoutingFormResponseDenormalized" rfrd
      WHERE "bookingUid" IS NOT NULL
        AND "createdAt" >= ${startDate}
        AND "createdAt" <= ${endDate}
        AND ${baseConditions}
      GROUP BY "bookingUserId"
      ORDER BY total_bookings ASC
    `;

    const statsQuery = await this.prisma.$queryRaw<
      Array<{
        userId: number;
        total_bookings: number;
      }>
    >(statsQuerySql);

    // Calculate average and median
    const average =
      statsQuery.reduce((sum, stat) => sum + Number(stat.total_bookings), 0) / statsQuery.length || 0;
    const median = statsQuery[Math.floor(statsQuery.length / 2)]?.total_bookings || 0;

    // Create a map of user performance indicators
    const userPerformance = statsQuery.reduce((acc, stat) => {
      acc[stat.userId] = {
        total: stat.total_bookings,
        performance:
          stat.total_bookings > average
            ? "above_average"
            : stat.total_bookings === median
            ? "median"
            : stat.total_bookings < average
            ? "below_average"
            : "at_average",
      };
      return acc;
    }, {} as Record<number, { total: number; performance: "above_average" | "at_average" | "below_average" | "median" }>);

    return {
      users: {
        data: users.map((user) => ({
          ...user,
          performance: userPerformance[user.id]?.performance || "no_data",
          totalBookings: userPerformance[user.id]?.total || 0,
        })),
      },
      periodStats: {
        data: periodStats,
      },
    };
  }

  /**
   * Get routed to per period data for CSV export
   * @param period The period type (day, week, month)
   * @param searchQuery Optional search query for user names/emails
   */
  async getRoutedToPerPeriodCsvData({
    period,
    searchQuery,
  }: {
    period: "perDay" | "perWeek" | "perMonth";
    searchQuery?: string;
  }) {
    // Call the main method without limit to get all data
    const data = await this.getRoutedToPerPeriodData({
      period,
      searchQuery,
      // No limit = get all data
    });

    // Transform to CSV format
    const userStatsMap = new Map<number, Record<string, number>>();
    data.periodStats.data.forEach((stat) => {
      const userId = stat.userId;
      if (!userStatsMap.has(userId)) {
        userStatsMap.set(userId, {});
      }
      const userStat = userStatsMap.get(userId);
      if (userStat) {
        userStat[stat.period_start.toISOString()] = stat.total;
      }
    });

    return data.users.data.map((user) => {
      const stats = userStatsMap.get(user.id) || {};
      const periodData = Object.entries(stats).reduce(
        (acc, [periodStart, total]) => ({
          ...acc,
          [`Responses ${dayjs(periodStart).format("YYYY-MM-DD")}`]: total.toString(),
        }),
        {} as Record<string, string>
      );

      return {
        "User ID": user.id.toString(),
        Name: user.name || "",
        Email: user.email || "",
        "Total Bookings": user.totalBookings.toString(),
        Performance: user.performance,
        ...periodData,
      };
    });
  }

  async getBaseConditions(conditionsOptions?: GetConditionsOptions): Promise<Prisma.Sql> {
    const authConditions = await this.getAuthorizationConditions();
    const filterConditions = await this.getFilterConditions(conditionsOptions);

    if (authConditions && filterConditions) {
      return Prisma.sql`((${authConditions}) AND (${filterConditions}))`;
    } else if (authConditions) {
      return Prisma.sql`(${authConditions})`;
    } else if (filterConditions) {
      return Prisma.sql`(${filterConditions})`;
    } else {
      return NOTHING_CONDITION;
    }
  }

  async getFilterConditions(conditionsOptions?: GetConditionsOptions): Promise<Prisma.Sql | null> {
    const conditions: Prisma.Sql[] = [];
    const exclude = (conditionsOptions || {}).exclude || {};

    // Date range filtering
    if (!exclude.createdAt) {
      conditions.push(
        Prisma.sql`rfrd."createdAt" >= ${this.filters.startDate}::timestamp AND rfrd."createdAt" <= ${this.filters.endDate}::timestamp`
      );
    }

    const columnFilters = (this.filters.columnFilters || []).filter(
      (filter) => !(exclude.columnFilterIds || []).includes(filter.id)
    );

    // Extract specific filters from columnFilters
    // Convert columnFilters array to object for easier access
    const filtersMap =
      columnFilters.reduce((acc, filter) => {
        acc[filter.id] = filter;
        return acc;
      }, {} as Record<string, TypedColumnFilter<ColumnFilterType>>) || {};

    // Extract booking status order filter
    const bookingStatusOrder = filtersMap["bookingStatusOrder"];
    if (bookingStatusOrder && isMultiSelectFilterValue(bookingStatusOrder.value)) {
      const statusCondition = makeSqlCondition(bookingStatusOrder.value);
      if (statusCondition) {
        conditions.push(Prisma.sql`rfrd."bookingStatusOrder" ${statusCondition}`);
      }
    }

    // Extract booking assignment reason filter
    const bookingAssignmentReason = filtersMap["bookingAssignmentReason"];
    if (bookingAssignmentReason && isTextFilterValue(bookingAssignmentReason.value)) {
      const reasonCondition = makeSqlCondition(bookingAssignmentReason.value);
      if (reasonCondition) {
        conditions.push(Prisma.sql`rfrd."bookingAssignmentReason" ${reasonCondition}`);
      }
    }

    // Extract booking UID filter
    const bookingUid = filtersMap["bookingUid"];
    if (bookingUid && isTextFilterValue(bookingUid.value)) {
      const uidCondition = makeSqlCondition(bookingUid.value);
      if (uidCondition) {
        conditions.push(Prisma.sql`rfrd."bookingUid" ${uidCondition}`);
      }
    }

    // Extract attendee name filter
    const attendeeName = filtersMap["attendeeName"];
    if (attendeeName && isTextFilterValue(attendeeName.value)) {
      const nameCondition = this.buildAttendeeSqlCondition(attendeeName.value, "name");
      if (nameCondition) {
        conditions.push(nameCondition);
      }
    }

    // Extract attendee email filter
    const attendeeEmail = filtersMap["attendeeEmail"];
    if (attendeeEmail && isTextFilterValue(attendeeEmail.value)) {
      const emailCondition = this.buildAttendeeSqlCondition(attendeeEmail.value, "email");
      if (emailCondition) {
        conditions.push(emailCondition);
      }
    }

    // Extract attendee phone filter
    const attendeePhone = filtersMap["attendeePhone"];
    if (attendeePhone && isTextFilterValue(attendeePhone.value)) {
      const phoneCondition = this.buildAttendeeSqlCondition(attendeePhone.value, "phone");
      if (phoneCondition) {
        conditions.push(phoneCondition);
      }
    }

    // Extract member user IDs filter (multi-select)
    const memberUserIds = filtersMap["bookingUserId"];
    if (memberUserIds && isMultiSelectFilterValue(memberUserIds.value)) {
      conditions.push(Prisma.sql`rfrd."bookingUserId" = ANY(${memberUserIds.value.data})`);
    }

    // Extract form ID filter (single-select)
    const formId = filtersMap["formId"];
    if (formId && isSingleSelectFilterValue(formId.value)) {
      const formIdCondition = makeSqlCondition(formId.value);
      if (formIdCondition) {
        conditions.push(Prisma.sql`rfrd."formId" ${formIdCondition}`);
      }
    }

    const fieldIdSchema = z.string().uuid();
    const fieldFilters = (columnFilters || []).filter((filter) => fieldIdSchema.safeParse(filter.id).success);

    if (fieldFilters.length > 0) {
      const fieldConditions = fieldFilters
        .map((fieldFilter) => this.buildFormFieldSqlCondition(fieldFilter.id, fieldFilter.value))
        .filter((condition): condition is Prisma.Sql => condition !== null);

      if (fieldConditions.length > 0) {
        // Join multiple field conditions with AND
        const joinedConditions = fieldConditions.reduce((acc, condition, index) => {
          if (index === 0) return condition;
          return Prisma.sql`(${acc}) AND (${condition})`;
        });
        conditions.push(joinedConditions);
      }
    }

    if (conditions.length === 0) {
      return null;
    }

    // Join all conditions with AND
    return conditions.reduce((acc, condition, index) => {
      if (index === 0) return condition;
      return Prisma.sql`(${acc}) AND (${condition})`;
    });
  }

  async getAuthorizationConditions(): Promise<Prisma.Sql> {
    if (!this.options) {
      return NOTHING_CONDITION;
    }

    const scope = this.options.scope;
    const targetId =
      scope === "org" ? this.options.orgId : scope === "team" ? this.options.teamId : undefined;

    if (targetId && scope !== "user") {
      const isOwnerOrAdmin = await this.isOwnerOrAdmin(this.options.userId, targetId);
      if (!isOwnerOrAdmin) {
        return NOTHING_CONDITION;
      }
    }

    if (scope === "user") {
      return Prisma.sql`rfrd."formUserId" = ${this.options.userId} AND rfrd."formTeamId" IS NULL`;
    } else if (scope === "org") {
      return await this.buildOrgAuthorizationCondition(this.options);
    } else if (scope === "team") {
      return await this.buildTeamAuthorizationCondition(this.options);
    } else {
      return NOTHING_CONDITION;
    }
  }

  private async buildOrgAuthorizationCondition(
    options: Extract<InsightsRoutingServiceOptions, { scope: "org" }>
  ): Promise<Prisma.Sql> {
    // Get all teams from the organization
    const teamRepo = new TeamRepository(this.prisma);
    const teamsFromOrg = await teamRepo.findAllByParentId({
      parentId: options.orgId,
      select: { id: true },
    });

    const teamIds = [options.orgId, ...teamsFromOrg.map((t) => t.id)];

    return Prisma.sql`(rfrd."formTeamId" = ANY(${teamIds})) OR (rfrd."formUserId" = ${options.userId} AND rfrd."formTeamId" IS NULL)`;
  }

  private async buildTeamAuthorizationCondition(
    options: Extract<InsightsRoutingServiceOptions, { scope: "team" }>
  ): Promise<Prisma.Sql> {
    const teamRepo = new TeamRepository(this.prisma);

    if (options.orgId) {
      // team under org
      const childTeamOfOrg = await teamRepo.findByIdAndParentId({
        id: options.teamId,
        parentId: options.orgId,
        select: { id: true },
      });
      if (!childTeamOfOrg) {
        // teamId and its orgId does not match
        return NOTHING_CONDITION;
      }
    } else {
      // standalone team
      const team = await teamRepo.findById({
        id: options.teamId,
      });
      if (team?.parentId) {
        // a team without orgId is not supposed to have parentId
        return NOTHING_CONDITION;
      }
    }

    return Prisma.sql`rfrd."formTeamId" = ${options.teamId}`;
  }

  private async isOwnerOrAdmin(userId: number, targetId: number): Promise<boolean> {
    const permissionCheckService = new PermissionCheckService();
    return await permissionCheckService.checkPermission({
      userId,
      teamId: targetId,
      permission: "insights.read",
      fallbackRoles: [MembershipRole.OWNER, MembershipRole.ADMIN],
    });
  }

  private buildFormFieldSqlCondition(fieldId: string, filterValue: FilterValue): Prisma.Sql | null {
    if (isMultiSelectFilterValue(filterValue)) {
      // For multi-select fields, check if the field contains any of the selected values
      return Prisma.sql`EXISTS (
        SELECT 1 FROM "RoutingFormResponseField" rrf
        WHERE rrf."responseId" = rfrd."id"
        AND rrf."fieldId" = ${fieldId}
        AND rrf."valueStringArray" @> ${filterValue.data.map(String)}
      )`;
    } else if (isSingleSelectFilterValue(filterValue)) {
      return Prisma.sql`EXISTS (
        SELECT 1 FROM "RoutingFormResponseField" rrf
        WHERE rrf."responseId" = rfrd."id"
        AND rrf."fieldId" = ${fieldId}
        AND rrf."valueString" = ${filterValue.data}
      )`;
    } else if (isTextFilterValue(filterValue)) {
      const condition = makeSqlCondition(filterValue);
      if (!condition) {
        return null;
      }
      return Prisma.sql`EXISTS (
        SELECT 1 FROM "RoutingFormResponseField" rrf
        WHERE rrf."responseId" = rfrd."id"
        AND rrf."fieldId" = ${fieldId}
        AND rrf."valueString" ${condition}
      )`;
    } else if (isNumberFilterValue(filterValue)) {
      const condition = makeSqlCondition(filterValue);
      if (!condition) {
        return null;
      }
      return Prisma.sql`EXISTS (
        SELECT 1 FROM "RoutingFormResponseField" rrf
        WHERE rrf."responseId" = rfrd."id"
        AND rrf."fieldId" = ${fieldId}
        AND rrf."valueNumber" ${condition}
      )`;
    } else {
      return null;
    }
  }

  private buildAttendeeSqlCondition(
    filterValue: TextFilterValue,
    attendeeColumn: "name" | "email" | "phone"
  ): Prisma.Sql | null {
    if (!isTextFilterValue(filterValue)) {
      return null;
    }

    const textCondition = makeSqlCondition(filterValue);
    if (!textCondition) {
      return null;
    }

    // Use switch-case to avoid Prisma.raw for column names
    let columnCondition: Prisma.Sql;
    switch (attendeeColumn) {
      case "name":
        columnCondition = Prisma.sql`a.name ${textCondition}`;
        break;
      case "email":
        columnCondition = Prisma.sql`a.email ${textCondition}`;
        break;
      case "phone":
        columnCondition = Prisma.sql`a."phoneNumber" ${textCondition}`;
        break;
      default:
        return null;
    }

    return Prisma.sql`EXISTS (
      SELECT 1 FROM "Booking" b
      INNER JOIN "Attendee" a ON a."bookingId" = b."id"
      WHERE b."uid" = rfrd."bookingUid"
      AND ${columnCondition}
    )`;
  }

  async getFailedBookingsByFieldData(): Promise<
    Record<string, Record<string, { optionId: string; count: number; optionLabel: string }[]>>
  > {
    const baseConditions = await this.getBaseConditions();

    // Get failed bookings (responses without a successful booking) grouped by form, field, and option
    const query = Prisma.sql`
    WITH form_fields AS (
      SELECT DISTINCT
          rfrd."formId" as form_id,
          rfrd."formName" as form_name,
          field->>'id' as field_id,
          field->>'label' as field_label,
          opt->>'id' as option_id,
          opt->>'label' as option_label
      FROM "RoutingFormResponseDenormalized" rfrd
      JOIN "App_RoutingForms_Form" f ON rfrd."formId" = f.id,
      LATERAL jsonb_array_elements(f.fields) as field
      LEFT JOIN LATERAL jsonb_array_elements(field->'options') as opt ON true
      WHERE
        ${baseConditions}
    ),
    response_stats AS (
      SELECT
          rfrd."formId",
          f."fieldId" as field_id,
          COALESCE(arr.value, f."valueString", f."valueNumber"::text) as selected_option,
          COUNT(DISTINCT rfrd.id) as response_count
      FROM "RoutingFormResponseDenormalized" rfrd
      JOIN "RoutingFormResponseField" f ON rfrd.id = f."responseId"
      LEFT JOIN LATERAL unnest(f."valueStringArray") as arr(value) ON f."valueStringArray" != '{}'
      WHERE ${baseConditions}
        AND rfrd."bookingUid" IS NULL
        AND COALESCE(arr.value, f."valueString", f."valueNumber"::text) IS NOT NULL
      GROUP BY rfrd."formId", f."fieldId", COALESCE(arr.value, f."valueString", f."valueNumber"::text)
    )
    SELECT
      ff.form_id as "formId",
      ff.form_name as "formName",
      ff.field_id as "fieldId",
      ff.field_label as "fieldLabel",
      ff.option_id as "optionId",
      ff.option_label as "optionLabel",
      COALESCE(rs.response_count, 0)::integer as count
    FROM form_fields ff
    LEFT JOIN response_stats rs ON
      rs."formId" = ff.form_id AND
      rs.field_id = ff.field_id AND
      rs.selected_option = ff.option_id
    WHERE ff.option_id IS NOT NULL
    ORDER BY count DESC
    `;

    const result = await this.prisma.$queryRaw<
      {
        formId: string;
        formName: string;
        fieldId: string;
        fieldLabel: string;
        optionId: string;
        optionLabel: string;
        count: number;
      }[]
    >(query);

    // First group by form and field
    const groupedByFormAndField = result.reduce((acc, curr) => {
      const formKey = curr.formName;
      acc[formKey] = acc[formKey] || {};
      const labelKey = curr.fieldLabel;
      acc[formKey][labelKey] = acc[formKey][labelKey] || [];
      acc[formKey][labelKey].push({
        optionId: curr.optionId,
        count: curr.count,
        optionLabel: curr.optionLabel,
      });
      return acc;
    }, {} as Record<string, Record<string, { optionId: string; count: number; optionLabel: string }[]>>);

    // NOTE: totalCount represents the sum of all response counts across all fields and options for a form
    // For example, if a form has 2 fields with 2 options each:
    // Field1: Option1 (5 responses), Option2 (3 responses)
    // Field2: Option1 (2 responses), Option2 (4 responses)
    // Then totalCount = 5 + 3 + 2 + 4 = 14 total responses
    const sortedEntries = Object.entries(groupedByFormAndField)
      .map(([formName, fields]) => ({
        formName,
        fields,
        totalCount: Object.values(fields)
          .flat()
          .reduce((sum, item) => sum + item.count, 0),
      }))
      .sort((a, b) => b.totalCount - a.totalCount);

    // Convert back to original format
    const sortedGroupedByFormAndField = sortedEntries.reduce((acc, { formName, fields }) => {
      acc[formName] = fields;
      return acc;
    }, {} as Record<string, Record<string, { optionId: string; count: number; optionLabel: string }[]>>);

    return sortedGroupedByFormAndField;
  }
}